intersemiotic translation
فهرست
Visual Essay
Fatema Bahrami
Sign Categories Used in Islamic-Theosophical-Oriented Persian Carpets and the Order of Their Inter-semiotic Translation into Persian
DOI 10.1515/mc-2015-0006
Abstract: Inter-semiotic translation is a main type of translation. Jakobson (1959) defines it as “an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of non-verbal sign systems” (p. 233). This type of translation involves converting one form of sign into another.
In this study, we selected two Persian carpet designs (Arab Jinni and Shiraz) to illustrate the process of inter-semiotic translation. These designs include various meaningful motifs and signs. They are not only highly aesthetic but also serve as a powerful medium for transferring Iranian culture and ideology (Gurangi and Sajjadi, 2008; Parham, 1996).
The designs from the Fars province, which carry Islamic-theosophical concepts, were reviewed by three expert carpet translators. We investigated the process of inter-semiotic translation based on Peirce’s (1956) semiotics, which defines a sign as “something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity” (p. 99).
According to Peirce (as cited in Chandler, 1994), three components define a sign:
1. The Representamen or “the form which the sign takes”
2. The Interpretant or “the sense made of the sign”
3. The Object or something “to which the sign refers” (p. 24). Peirce (1956) also categorized signs into three types: an icon, an index, and a symbol.
The study aimed to determine if a more frequent sign type is prioritized in inter-semiotic translation. We explored whether there is a direct relationship between the frequency of sign categories and their translation order.
We separately studied translation processes and determined sign types with the help of experts. The ordered processes of translation and sign types were tabulated for each translator.
Our findings show that the most frequent sign types were primarily considered in four of the six translations. However, this was not observed in two translations.
In summary, out of six translations done on two designs by three translators, the relationship was direct in four cases and indirect in two cases.
Keywords: inter-semiotic translation, representamen, object, interpretant
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